Linux部署Oracle

配置IP地址、修改主机名

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

修改IP地址、子网掩码和网关：

DEVICE=eth0BOOTPROTO=dhcp -> staticIPADDR=192.168.1.10NETMASK=255.255.255.0GATEWAY=192.168.1.1

修改主机名：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network

添加本地hosts：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts

重启网络服务：

[root@localhost ~]# service network reload

挂载系统盘并安装rpm包挂载系统盘：

[root@oracle ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media

安装相关rpm包：

rpm -ivh binutils-2.17.50.0.6-20.el5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpmrpm -ivh elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh glibc-2.5-81.i686.rpmrpm -ivh glibc-common-2.5-81.i386.rpmrpm -ivh glibc-devel-2.5-81.i386.rpmrpm -ivh glibc-headers-2.5-81.i386.rpmrpm -ivh gcc-4.1.2-52.el5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh gcc-c++-4.1.2-52.el5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh libaio-0.3.106-5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh libgcc-4.1.2-52.el5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh libstdc++-4.1.2-52.el5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh libstdc++44-devel-4.4.6-3.el5.1.i386.rpmrpm -ivh libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-52.el5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh make-3.81-3.el5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh sysstat-7.0.2-11.el5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh unixODBC-libs-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh unixODBC-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpmrpm -ivh unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm

搭建本地yum仓库

[root@oracle ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

添加镜像注释并修改本地路径：

[base]name=CentOS-$releasever - Base#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=osbaseurl=file:///media/gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

清空yum缓存：

[root@oracle ~]# yum -y clean all

杀死yum进程并重启服务：

[root@oracle ~]# kill -9 $(cat /var/yum/yum.pdi)

配置用户环境创建安装组和管理组：

[root@oracle ~]# groupadd oinstall[root@oracle ~]# groupadd dba

创建oracle用户并加入组：

[root@oracle ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

设置oracle用户密码并创建目录：

[root@oracle ~]# passwd oracle[root@oracle ~]# mkdir /opt/oracle[root@oracle ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle[root@oracle ~]# chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle

配置内核参数修改sysctl.conf：

[root@oracle ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf

添加内核参数：

fs.aio-max-nr=1048576fs.file-max=6815744kernel.shmmni=4096kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500net.core.rmem_default=262144net.core.rmem_max=4194304net.core.wmem_default=262144net.core.wmem_max=1048586

重新加载sysctl：

[root@oracle ~]# sysctl -p

修改PAM认证模块：

[root@oracle ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login

添加session required pam_limits.so：

session required pam_limits.so

Oracle 11g安装卸载CentOS光盘并挂载Oracle光盘：

[root@oracle ~]# umount /dev/cdrom[root@oracle ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media

以oracle用户执行安装步骤：

[oracle@oracle ~]$ mkdir dbin[oracle@oracle ~]$ cp -rf /media/* dbin/[oracle@oracle ~]$ chmod -R 775 dbin/

启动Oracle数据库：

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd dbin/database[oracle@database ~]$ ./runInstaller -jreLoc /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.6.0

添加Oracle服务创建服务脚本：

[root@oracle ~]# vim /etc/init.d/oracle

添加内容并使其可执行：

#!/bin/bash#### 2011.10.10 by TsengYia. ##### chkconfig: 35 90 10# description: Oracle Database Service DaemonORCL_BASE="/opt/oracle"ORACLE_HOME=$ORCL_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1ORACLE_OWNER=oraclecase "$1" instart)su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME"su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole"touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle11g;;stop)su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole"su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut"su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"rm -rf /var/lock/subsys/oracle11g;;status)if (pgrep "tnslsnr" && netstat -antp | grep ":1521") > /dev/nullthenecho "Oracle 11g Net Listener is running."fiif (netstat -antp | grep ":1158" && netstat -antp | grep ":5520") > /dev/nullthenecho "Oracle 11g Enterprise Manager is running."fi;;restart)$0 stop$0 start;;*)echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|status}"exit 1esacexit 0

启用服务：

[root@oracle ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/oracle[root@oracle ~]# chkconfig --add oracle[root@oracle ~]# service oracle start

数据库逻辑备份创建备份目录并授权：

[root@oracle ~]# sqlplus sys AS SYSDBA

输入SYSDBA密码后执行：

CREATE DIRECTORY dmpdir AS '/opt/mydbbackup';GRANT read, write ON DIRECTORY dmpdir TO sysman;

进行备份：

expdp sysman DIRECTORY=dmpdir DUMPFILE=orac20140717.dmp

恢复备份：

impdp sysman DIRECTORY=dmpdir DUMPFILE=orac20140717.dmp REUSE_DATAFILES=Y TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=REPLACE